China plays a major role in the promotion of the Global Development Initiative which was started in 2021. China aimed to promote a sustainable environment, and stabilize global development. The major focus was reducing poverty, enhancing food security, or working on better health systems. They also focus on connecting the world with each other and making green development, or digital innovation. GDI initiates the Agenda of UN about 2030 which supports underdeveloped countries to accelerate the development process by
capacity-building, and cooperation. However, they focus on those particular patterns which make progress in developing countries.
In the Global Development Initiative Pakistan Promotes China’s National Products like Chinese technology and electronics which boost Pakistani markets. There are various companies Huawei, Vivo, Oppo, Xiaomi that are top-selling brands in Pakistan. Although CPEC projects promote Pakistan imports of Chinese machinery, solar panels, industrial equipment and these all mechanisms utilised for the development process.
The Chinese also work in GDI transportation and construction of products like China-made buses, metro trains which operate in Lahore Orange Line,and vehicles that are used across Pakistan. In the E-commerce sector China plays a role in online shopping like Daraz which is owned by Alibaba that promotes hundreds of Chinese products to Pakistani consumers.Pakistan endorses China’s multilateral approach. Backing China-led institutions like Pakistan participates in the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB).
Pakistan Aligns with China on global climate policy and South cooperation. China Supports Pakistan’s Global Position in Advocacy for Pakistan in global forums. So, China helps Pakistan get greater representation in regional organizations which include support in development of governance. It invests in governance reforms through digital governance projects.In Pak China relation GDI Infrastructure enhanced development by creating roads for transportation and trade, as well as China providing green energy transportation to fill the ratio of public consumption.
Nevertheless the ICT sector worked for technology and innovation.They work together on Poverty alleviation through job creation under the CPEC project.The Industrial cooperation that promotes trade and Green development through Chinese solar energy projects.
The GSI aimed to build a stable and peaceful international security environment. In 2022 the Global Security Initiative was introduced by China.Their diplomatic and strategic policy promotes collective, sustainable, comprehensive security systems. This system emphasizes the respect and integrity of countries for their national sovereignty, to resolve disputes by dialogue system. Although this way the security system addressed traditional and non-traditional security threats which prevented countries from the Cold War.
Pakistan Promoting China’s Interests like Support to China Xinjiang security concerns. Pakistan publicly backs China’s counterterrorism narrative in Military cooperation between Pakistan and China. Although Pakistan uses Chinese jets JF-17 Thunder in a joint project. China supplies defense technology to Pakistan. Pakistan Securing CPEC routes which created a special security division to protect Chinese workers. China Promoting Pakistani Strategic Interests like Support on Kashmir issue in the UN Security Council China repeatedly calls for peaceful resolution among both countries.
However, assistance in counterterrorism technologies China provides surveillance systems and border security equipment.China also supports FATF backed Pakistan diplomatically to exit the FATF grey list.In the Global Security Initiative Pak China Collaboratively fights against terrorism, like Military technology sharing aircraft, submarines. They ensure regional stability through diplomatic engagement and supporting sovereignty and territorial integrity of each other.
The Global Civilization Initiative was launched, with the aim to promote inter Civilization and tolerance for mutual learning through dialogue and cultural exchange in different societies worldwide.It stresses respect for cultural diversity, shared values of humanity, and cooperation in education, culture, youth engagement, and people-to-people ties. Its aim is to build harmony among civilizations rather than competition or cultural dominance.
However China Promotes Pakistani Civilization like Cultural promotion through CPEC and cultural exchange programs. Chinese universities offer Urdu-language courses to their students for learning and coordination with Pakistan. On the other hand, China promotes Pakistani handicrafts and cultural festivals in China like Truck art exhibitions, Pakistani food festivals in Beijing and Shanghai.In Academic support for Pakistani heritage studies China funds research centers on Gandhara civilization.
China enhanced academic support for Pakistan heritage studies which has strengthened the research process on the Gandhara civilization. It is a unique way of Greco-Buddhist art and South Asian cultural history. However this Collaborative initiative creates a good image among both countries. The specialized research centers are funded by China. Many universities take up archaeological projects and partnerships with the aim to preserve Gandhara’s legacy. These research centers provide advanced facilities to scholars for research work and field visits on the cultural exchange programs that promote a variety of publications, and exhibitions.
However, the China experts provide support to Pakistan’s in preservation of rich archaeological heritage. This collaboration enhances global value and recognition of Gandhara as an important civilizational bridge between Central Asia and the South world. China investment contributes to the historical view of research and provides support in cultural diplomacy that work as a broad cooperative framework likewise the Belt and Road Initiative. This academic engagement strengthens the regional cultural understanding and
people-to-people deep ties, that’s why it promotes Gandhara’s legacy in contemporary heritage discourse.
Pakistan also Promotes Chinese Civilization with Confucius Institutes in Pakistan more than 30,000 Pakistani students learn the Chinese language. They Celebrate Chinese New Year at universities and cultural centers in Pakistan.In Educational exchange programs thousands of Pakistani students study in China
on scholarships. In GCI Pak–China Strengthening people-to-people ties they promote cultural harmony and academic exchange. It increases tourism and cultural awareness. Pakistan Supports China’s Governance Vision that supports China’s role in the UN and WHO.
However, the Global Governance Initiative refers to China’s broader policy approach which aims to reform and improve global governance systems. It makes them more inclusive, equitable, and representative of the Global South. It emphasizes fair international order, development-oriented governance mechanisms. It strengthens the role of developing countries for global institutions in the decision-making process. Although GGI in Pak–China Joint advocacy works for Global South’s interests and reforming global institutions UN, IMF, World Bank for fairness. It emphasizes multilateralism against unilateral global power politics that supports inclusive, development-led international order.
Participant of ICSF-UoS Fellowship Program 2025-26 at University of Sargodha.
